Employers in a new survey expect health benefit costs to rise 7.1 percent in Nebraska and 4.6 percent in Iowa next year, even
though at least half of them plan to trim benefits or switch coverage to control costs.
That’s on top of increases this year of 3.7 percent in Nebraska and 7.7 percent in Iowa, according to employers who responded to the survey. Compared with the U.S. average, the Iowa employers’ annual costs were slightly lower, while the Nebraska employers’ costs averaged about $1,000 less per employee.
If the survey results hold true for all U.S. employers, the rise in health benefit costs would outstrip the national inflation rate in 2012 as it has in 18 of the past 22 years, according to Mark Whiting, principal with Mercer Health & Benefits of Kansas City, Mo.
“The things that are causing increased costs aren’t going away,” Whiting said Wednesday, including an aging population, expensive medical technology and new provisions of the federal health care law. While medical advances save people’s lives and improve their quality of life, he said, “it certainly comes at a big price.”
Experts have warned for decades that health cost increases are unsustainable, said Keith Mueller, a health management policy professor from the University of Iowa. “Most of us would say now that we really mean it. You can begin to see how spending this money on health care is crowding out the other priority needs,” especially for education.
Mercer surveyed 2,844 U.S. businesses with 10 or more employees each, including 25 in Nebraska and 54 in Iowa. Whiting said the Nebraska sample was small enough that the finding may not reflect the exact average of all Nebraska employers, but the results still give an indication of health cost trends in the state.
The Nebraska companies said the cost of their existing health plans would rise an average of 8.5 percent for 2012, but they would tighten their costs by switching coverage or reducing benefits, such as raising co-payments, deductibles and monthly premiums. The Iowa employers said their costs would go up 8.7 percent next year without cost-cutting steps.
Half of the Nebraska employers and 59 percent of the Iowa employers said they are reducing benefits or changing health plans to cut costs in 2012.
Whiting said an earlier Mercer survey indicated that the new federal health care law has added between 2 percent and 5 percent to employers’ health benefit costs so far, such as the expense of extending coverage to dependents up to age 26.
He said employers in the Midwest have been faster to offer consumer-directed health plans, such as health savings accounts with high-deductible coverage, than employers in some other regions. That’s partly because it’s more difficult to switch to consumer-directed plans from health maintenance organizations, which are common in the Northeast and the West Coast but virtually absent in the Midwest.
Consumer-directed plans cost employers about 20 percent less, on average, than preferred provider organization coverage, Whiting said, because consumers have a greater financial stake in their health care choices.
Preferred provider health plans covered 80 percent of the Nebraska employees and 71 percent of the Iowa employees in the survey. Of the Nebraska employers, 48 percent offered consumer-directed health plans such as health savings accounts in 2011, and 16 percent of employees signed up. Of the Iowa employers, 28 percent offered the consumer-directed plans and 15 percent of employees signed up.
In many consumer-directed plans, the employer puts money into the employees’ health savings accounts. Whiting said more employers are making their account contributions contingent on employees’ willingness to take steps to improve their health, such as participating in wellness programs.
But employers are running out of ways to trim costs by tweaking their health plans, said Kim Lobato, senior vice president for Aon Solutions, an employee benefits company. Cutting benefits and raising premiums too far will put health coverage out of reach for more and more employees.
Aon’s projections for 2012 call for a 9.9 percent rise in medical costs next year, nearly five times the expected rate of overall inflation. That gives employers, insurers and medical providers incentives to find new ways to tackle the problem, Lobato said.
He said some of Omaha’s main medical groups are developing “accountable care organizations” in which teams of medical providers receive “bundled” payments rather than fees for each service and are held accountable for keeping people healthy through preventive medicine and coordinated care.
The organizations’ goal is to provide better care and slow down the rise in health costs by keeping people healthier and eliminating waste.
And employers are becoming more aggressive with programs designed to improve employees’ health, Lobato said. Some require employees to take part in health screening programs to qualify for health benefits, for example, with the idea that employees who are in good health will have lower health care costs to be shared by the employer.
The Mercer survey also asked companies whether they would drop their employee health plans in 2014, when the federal health care law will set up insurance exchanges. Employees who can’t get coverage from their employers will be able to get coverage at the exchanges.
Of the employers in the survey, 13 percent in Nebraska and 15 percent in Iowa said they were likely or very likely to drop their health benefits once the insurance exchanges begin operations, Mercer said. Nationally, 9 percent of employers with 500 or more employees and 19 percent of smaller employers said they plan to drop their benefits in 2014.
Mueller, the health policy professor, said efforts to control costs, such as not paying for substandard medical care, are gaining strength, and the federal health care laws could help moderate employers’ costs by expanding coverage to more people.
Employers still want to offer health insurance and are working to reduce costs through wellness programs and other efforts, he said, but savings are elusive. “Obviously it’s not showing up yet. We really are at a point where it just cannot be allowed to go on.”
Contact the writer:
402-444-1080, steve.jordon@owh.com
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